An illustrated key to the genera of Braconinae from America north of Mexico is provided. Lapicida aquatica Quicke gen.nov. and sp.nov. from Ontario and Iowa, and Compsobraconoides robustus Quicke gen.nov. and sp.nov. from Texas, Florida, and Mexico are described and illustrated. Bracon albispina Cameron is transferred to Compsobraconoides and a key is provided to enable its separation from Compsobraconoides rufus Quicke sp.nov. Chartobracon van Achterberg is recorded from the New World for the first time and a new species, C. canadensis Quicke sp.nov. from Canada, is described, illustrated, and distinguished from C. huggerti van Achterberg from Europe. Seliodus Brèthes is synonymized with Bracon Fabricius on the authority of C. van Achterberg. Relationships of the new genera are briefly discussed and notes are provided on all of the Nearctic genera.